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Section: General Biotechnology / Genes & Genetic Engineering
 
     
 
Techniques of Genetic Engineering
 
   
 

Animal Cells
Culture of animal cells, on a large scale is more difficult and expensive than plant cells, the bacteria, yeast, etc. This is why the commercialization of natural products of animal origin is limited. However, most of the animal products have been produced by using bacteria as biological tool.

In India, Dr. K. Chandrashekharan, Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad emphasized the use of recombinant DNA technology for the introduction of foreign DNA into mammalian cells. This would help in curing certain genetic defects. Some of the examples of gene cloning in animals are described in Genetic Engineering for Human Welfare.

 

Content

Ä Gene cloning in prokaryotes

 

Ä Isolation of DNA to be cloned

 

Ä Insertion of DNA fragment into vector 

 

 

Ä Use of restriction Linkers

 

 

Ä Use of homopolymer tails

 

Ä Transfer of recombinant DNA into bacterial cells

 

Ä Selection of clones

 

 

Ä Colony hybridization techniques

 

 

Ä In vitro translation technique

 

 

Ä Immunological tests

 

 

Ä Blotting Techniques

 

Ä Recovery of cells

 

Ä Expression of cloned DNA

 

 

Ä Shine-Dalgano sequence

 

 

Ä Expression vectors

Ä Gene cloning in eukaryotes

 

Ä Plant cells

 

 

Ä Yeasts

 

 

Ä Filamentous fungi

 

 

Ä Agrobacterium plasmids

 

 

Ä Plant cell transformation

 

 

Ä Plant cell transformation by ultrasonication

 

 

Ä Liposome mediated gene transfer

 

Ä Animal cell  

 

 

Ä Animal viruses

 

 

Ä Electroporation

 

 

Ä Particle bombardment

 

 

Ä Microinjection

 

 

Ä Direct transformation

Ä Site directed mutagenesis

 

Ä Methods of mutagenesis

 
     
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