It has earlier been mentioned that primary metabolites, secreted by micro-organism, in turn are required by microorganisms. In this connection a detailed account of vitamins, organic acids and alcohols are given in this section of Primary Metabolites.

Content

Ä Vitamins
	Ä Vitamins B12
		Ä Chemical structure
		Ä Commercial production
Ä Organic acids
	Ä Citric acid
		Ä Commercial production
		Ä Biochemistry of fermentation
	Ä Use of organic acids
Ä Alcohols
	Ä Microorganism used in alcohol production
	Ä Fermentable substrates
	Ä Biochemistry of fermentation
		Ä Ethanol fermentation by yeasts
		Ä Ethanol fermentation by bacteria
	Ä Ethanol fermentation methods
	Ä Distilleries producing alcohols
	Ä Alcoholic beverages
		Ä Wine
		Ä Beer
		Ä Rum
		Ä Whisky
		Ä Sake
	Ä Uses of alcohols