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Section: General Biotechnology / Genes & Genetic Engineering
 
     
 
Genes : Nature, Concept and Synthesis
 
   
 
A British biologist, Richard Dawkins in his book "The Selfish Gene" (1989) has stated about the gene "they are in you, and in me; they created us, body and minds and their preservation is the ultimate rationale for our existence, they go by the name of genes, and we as their survival machines. In this section physical and chemical nature of genes, classical and modern concepts of genes, their expression and regulation, and artificial synthesis have been discussed.



Genes : Nature, Concept and Synthesis
Content

Ä Chemical nature of DNA

 

Ä Chemical composition

 

Ä Nucleotides, nucleosides

 

Ä Polynucleotides

 

Ä Chargaff's rule of equivalence

Ä Physical nature of DNA

 

Ä Watson and Cricks model of DNA

 

Ä Circular and superhelical DNA

 

Ä Organization of DNA in eukaryotes

Ä Structure of RNA

Ä Gene concept

Ä Units of a gene

 

Ä Cistron

 

Ä Recon

 

Ä Mutan

Ä Split genes (introns)

 

Ä RNA splicing

 

Ä Ribozyme

 

Ä Evolution of split genes

Ä Overlapping gene

Ä Gene organization

Ä Gene expression

Ä Gene regulation

 

Ä Transcription

 

 

Ä The lac operon (structural gene, operator gene, promoter gene and repressor gene)

Ä Artificial synthesis of genes

 

Ä Synthesis of a gene for yeast alanine tRNA

 

Ä Synthesis of a gene for bacterial tyrosine tRNA

 

Ä Synthesis of a human leukocyte interferon gene

Ä Gene synthesis by using mRNA

Ä Gene machine

Ä The PCR

 

Ä Amplification of DNA (melting of target DNA, annealing of primers, primer extension)

 

Ä Application of PCR technology


 
     
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