Ä Energy sources : A general account 

Ä Nuclear energy

Ä Fossil fuel energy

Ä Non-fossil and non-nuclear energy

Ä Biomass as source of energy

Ä Composition of biomass

Ä Cellulose

Ä Hemicellulose

Ä Lignin

Ä Terrestrial biomass

Ä Aquatic biomass

Ä Salvinia

Ä Water hyacinth

Ä Wastes as renewable source of energy

Ä Composition of wastes

Ä Sources of wastes (Industries, agriculture, forestry, municipal sources)

Ä Biomass conversion

Ä Non-biological process

Ä Direct combustion-hog fuel

Ä Pyrolysis

Ä Gasification

Ä Liquefaction

Ä Biological process

Ä Enzymatic digestion

Ä Anaerobic digestion

Ä Aerobic digestion

Ä Energy plantations

Ä Social forestry

Ä Silviculture energy farms (short rotation forestry)

Ä Advantages of short rotation management

Ä Petroleum plants (Petroplants)

Ä Hydrocarbon from higher Plants

Ä Hevea Rubber

Ä Euphorbia

Ä Guayule and Russian dandalion

Ä Aak

Ä Algal hydrocarbons

Ä Alcohols : the liquid fuel

Ä General account

Ä Ethanol production

Ä Fermentable substrate

Ä Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials

Ä Effect of substrate composition on hydrolysis

Ä Fermentation

Ä Recovery of ethanol

Ä Gaseous fuels : biogas and hydrogen

Ä What is biogas

Ä Biogas technology in India

Ä Benefits from biogas plants

Ä Feed stock materials

Ä Biogas production anaerobic digestion

Ä Solubilization

Ä Acidogenesis

Ä Methanogenesis-methanogens, mechanism of methane production

Ä Biogas production from differ­ent feed stocks

Ä Salvinia

Ä Water hyacinth

Ä Municipal wastes

Ä Factors affecting methane formation

Ä Hydrogen : a new fuel

Ä Photobiological process of H₂ production

Ä Hydrogenase and H₂ production

Ä Halobacteria

Ä Bioremediation

Ä In situ bioremediation

Ä Intrinsic bioremediation

Ä Engineered in situ bioremediation

Ä Ex situ bioremediation

Ä Solid phase system (composting, composting process)

Ä Slurry phase system (aerated laggons, low shear airlift reactor)

Ä Factors affecting slurry phase bioremediation

Ä Bioremediation of hydrocarbon

Ä Use of mixture of bacteria

Ä Use of genetically engineered bacterial strains 

Ä Bioremediation of Industrial wastes

Ä Bioremediation of dyes

Ä Bioremediation of heavy metals

Ä Bioremediation of coal waste through VAM fungi

Ä Bioremediation of xenobiotics

Ä Microbial degradation of xenobiotics

Ä Gene manipulation of pesticide-degrading microorganisms

Ä Utilization of sewage, and agro-wastes

Ä Production of single cell protein

Ä Biogas from sewage

Ä Mushroom production on agro-wastes

Ä Vermicomposting

Ä Microbial leaching (bioleaching)   

Ä Microorganisms used in leaching

Ä Chemistry of leaching

Ä Direct leaching

Ä Indirect leaching

Ä Leaching process (slope leaching heap leaching in situ leaching)

Ä Examples of bioleaching

Ä Copper leaching

Ä Uranium leaching

Ä Gold and silver leaching

Ä Silica leaching

Ä Hazards of environmental engineering

Ä Survival of released GMMs in the environment

Ä Adaptive mutagenesis in GMMs

Ä Gene transfer from GMMs into other microorganisms

Ä Gene transfer via conjugative transposons

Ä Effect of environmental factors on gene transfer

Ä Ecological impact of GMMs released into the environment

Ä Growth inhibition of natural strains

Ä Growth stimulation of indigenous strains

Ä Replacement of natural strains

Ä Monitoring of GEMs in the environment

Ä Risk assessment of the GEMs released into the environment