Plant Nutrient | Essential Elements - Micronutrients | ePlantScience

⇒	Historical Information
	⇒	Determination of Essentiality
	⇒	Functions in Plants
		-	Root Elongation and Nucleic Acid Metabolism
		-	Protein, Amino Acid, and Nitrate Metabolism
		-	Sugar and Starch Metabolism
		-	Auxin and Phenol Metabolism
		-	Flower Formation and Seed Production
		-	Membrane Function
⇒	Forms and Sources of Boron in Soils
	⇒	Total Boron
	⇒	Available Boron
	⇒	Fractionation of Soil Boron
	⇒	Soil Solution Boron
	⇒	Tourmaline
	⇒	Hydrated Boron Minerals
⇒	Diagnosis of Boron Status in Plants
	⇒	Deficiency Symptoms
		-	Field and Horticultural Crops
		-	Other Crops
	⇒	Toxicity Symptoms
		-	Field and Horticultural Crops
		-	Other Crops
⇒	Boron Concentration in Crops
	⇒	Plant Part and Growth Stage
	⇒	Boron Requirement of Some Crops
⇒	Boron Levels in Plants
⇒	Soil Testing for Boron
	⇒	Sampling of Soils for Analysis
	⇒	Extraction of Available Boron
		-	Hot-Water-Extractable Boron
		-	Boron from Saturated Soil Extracts
		-	Other Soil Chemical Extractants
	⇒	Determination of Extracted Boron
		-	Colorimetric Methods
		-	Spectrometric Methods
⇒	Factors Affecting Plant Accumulation of Boron
	⇒	Soil Factors
		-	Soil Acidity, Calcium, and Magnesium
		-	Macronutrients, Sulfur, and Zinc
		-	Soil Texture
		-	Soil Organic Matter
		-	Soil Adsorption
		-	Soil Salinity
	⇒	Other Factors
		-	Plant Genotypes
		-	Environmental Factors
		-	Method of Cultivation and Cropping
		-	Irrigation Water
⇒	Fertilizers for Boron
	⇒	Types of Fertilizers
	⇒	Methods and Rates of Application
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Chlorine

⇒	Historical Information
	⇒	Determination of Essentiality
	⇒	Functions in Plants
⇒	Diagnosis of Chlorine Status in Plants
	⇒	Symptoms of Deficiency
	⇒	Symptoms of Excess
	⇒	Concentrations of Chlorine in Plants
		-	Chlorine Constituents
		-	Total Chlorine
		-	Distribution in Plants
		-	Critical Concentrations
		-	Chlorine Concentrations in Crops
⇒	Assessment of Chlorine Status in Soils
	⇒	Forms of Chlorine
	⇒	Soil Tests
	⇒	Chlorine Contents of Soil
⇒	Fertilizers for Chlorine
	⇒	Kinds
	⇒	Application
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Copper

⇒	The Element Copper
	⇒	Copper Chemistry
⇒	Copper in Plants
	⇒	Uptake and Metabolism
	⇒	Phytoremediation
⇒	Copper Deficiency in Plants
⇒	Copper Toxicity in Plants
⇒	Copper in the Soil
	⇒	Geological Distribution of Copper in Soils
	⇒	Copper Availability in Soils
⇒	Copper in Human and Animal Nutrition
	⇒	Dietary Sources of Copper
	⇒	Metabolism of Copper Forms
⇒	Copper and Human Health
	⇒	Copper Deficiency and Toxicity in Humans
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Iron

⇒	Historical Information
	⇒	Determination of Essentiality
⇒	Functions in Plants
⇒	Forms and Sources of Iron in Soils
⇒	Diagnosis of Iron Status in Plants
	⇒	Iron Deficiency
	⇒	Iron Toxicity
⇒	Iron Concentration in Crops
	⇒	Plant Part and Growth Stage
	⇒	Iron Requirement of Some Crops
	⇒	Iron Levels in Plants
		-	Iron Uptake
		-	Movement of Iron within Plants
⇒	Factors Affecting Plant Uptake
	⇒	Soil Factors
	⇒	Plant Factors
⇒	Soil Testing for Iron
⇒	Fertilizers for Iron
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Manganese

⇒	Introduction
⇒	Forms of Manganese and Abundance in Soils
⇒	Importance to Plants and Animals
	⇒	Essentiality of Manganese to Higher Plants
	⇒	Function in Plants
	⇒	Importance to Animals
⇒	Absorption and Mobility
	⇒	Absorption Mechanisms
	⇒	Distribution and Mobility of Manganese in Plants
⇒	Manganese Deficiency
	⇒	Prevalence
	⇒	Indicator Plants
	⇒	Symptoms
	⇒	Tolerance
⇒	Toxicity
	⇒	Prevalence
	⇒	Indicator Plants
	⇒	Symptoms
	⇒	Tolerance
⇒	Manganese and Diseases
⇒	Conclusion
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Molybdenum

⇒	Historical Information
	⇒	Determination of Essentiality
	⇒	Function in Plants
		-	Nitrogenase
		-	Nitrate Reductase
		-	Xanthine Dehydrogenase
		-	Aldehyde Oxidase
		-	Sulfite Oxidase
⇒	Diagnosis of Molybdenum Status of Plants
	⇒	Deficiency
	⇒	Excess
	⇒	Molybdenum Concentration and Distribution in Plants
	⇒	Analytical Techniques for the Determination of Molybdenum in Plants
⇒	Assessment of Molybdenum Status of Soils
	⇒	Soil Molybdenum Content
	⇒	Forms of Molybdenum in Soils
	⇒	Interactions with Phosphorus and Sulfur
	⇒	Soil Analysis
		-	Determination of Total Molybdenum in Soil
		-	Determination of Available Molybdenum in Soil
⇒	Molybdenum Fertilizers
	⇒	Methods of Application
		-	Soil Applications
		-	Foliar Fertilization
		-	Seed Treatment
	⇒	Crop Response to Applied Molybdenum
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Nickel

⇒	Introduction
⇒	Discovery of the Essentiality of Nickel
⇒	Physical and Chemical Properties of Nickel and Its Role in Animal and Bacterial Systems
	⇒	Nickel-Containing Enzymes and Proteins
	⇒	Essentiality and Function of Nickel in Plants
	⇒	Influence of Nickel on Crop Growth
⇒	Diagnosis of Nickel Status
	⇒	Symptoms of Deficiency and Toxicity
⇒	Concentration of Nickel in Plants
⇒	Uptake and Transport
⇒	Nickel in Soils
	⇒	Nickel Concentration in Soils
	⇒	Nickel Analysis in Soils
⇒	Nickel Fertilizers
⇒	Conclusion
⇒	References

Topics covered in Microelement Zinc

⇒	Early Research on Zinc Nutrition of Crops
⇒	Absorption and Function of Zinc in Plants
⇒	Zinc Deficiency
⇒	Zinc Tolerance
⇒	Trunk Injection
⇒	Zinc in Soils
⇒	Phosphorus–Zinc Interactions
⇒	Tryptophan and Indole Acetic and Synthesis
⇒	Root Uptake
⇒	Foliar Absorption
	⇒	Influence of Humidity on Foliar Absorption
⇒	Role of Zinc in DNA and RNA Metabolism and Protein Synthesis
⇒	Zinc Transporters and Zinc Efficiency
⇒	Summary
⇒	References


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