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Section: Genetics » Sex Determination, Sex Differentiation, Dosage Compensation and Genetic Imprinting
 
 
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  Haploid males in Hymenoptera
 
     
 
Content
⇒ Sex Determination, Sex Differentiation, Dosage Compensation and Genetic Imprinting
⇒ Chromosome Theory of Sex Determination 
⇒ Balance Theory of Sex Determination X/A ratio in Drosophila
⇒ Triploid intersexes in Drosophila and genie balance theory
⇒ X/A ratio and gynandromorphs in Drosophila
⇒ X/A ratio in Coenorhabditis elegans (a free living nematode)
⇒ Balance Between Male and Female Factors
- Diploid intersexes in gypsy moth (Lymantria)
- X/A ratio and multiple numerator elements (Drosophila and Coenorhabditis)
⇒ Sex Determination in Plants
⇒ Methods for determining heterogametic sex in plants
⇒ Sex determination in Coccinia and Melandrium
⇒ Sex determination in other dioecious plants
⇒ Sex Chromosomes in Mammals Including Humans (Homo sapiens)
⇒ TDF, ZFY and SRY genes in humans
⇒ H-Y antigen and male development in mammals
⇒ Single gene control of sex
⇒ Sex determination in Asparagus
⇒ Tassel seed (ts) and silkless (sk) genes in maize
⇒ Transformer gene (tra)in Drosophila # 
⇒ Haploid males in Hymenoptera
⇒ Hormonal control of sex
⇒ Environmental Sex Determination in Reptiles
⇒ Dosage Compensation in Organisms with Heterogametic Males
⇒ X-chromosome inactivation in mammals
⇒ Position effect variegation
⇒ Hyperactivity of X-chromosome in male Drosophila
⇒ Lack of Dosage Compensation in Organisms with Heterogametic Females
⇒ Genetic imprinting


Haploid Males in Hymenoptera
In the insect order Hymenoptera, which includes ants, bees, wasps and sawflies, etc., male individuals arise parthenogenetically (without fertilization) and, therefore, have a haploid chromosome number. For instance, in honeybee, drones (males) have 16 chromosomes, while queen bee and workers have 32 chromosomes. In such cases, determination of sex is governed by haploid and diploid chromosome constitution.
  
A female and a male insect Bonellia, showing that the male lives in the uterus of the female.
Fig. 17.22. A female and a male insect Bonellia, showing that the male lives in the uterus of the female.


 
     






     
     
 
 
     
 
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