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Section: Genetics » Regulation of Gene Expression » Operon Circuits in Prokaryotes
 
 
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  Regulation of Gene Expression 1. Operon Circuits in Bacteria and other Prokaryotes
 
     
 
Content
⇒ Regulation of Gene Expression 1.  Operon Circuits in Bacteria and other Prokaryotes
⇒ Induction and repression
⇒ Inducer and co-repressor
⇒ The operon model for transcriptional regulation 
⇒ The tryptophan operon in bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella)
⇒ Tryptophan (trp) repressor controls three sets of genes
⇒ Negative and Positive Controls of Transcription
⇒ Substitution of Sigma Factor and Control of Transcription
⇒ Multiple sigma factors in E. coli 
⇒ Sporulation in bacteria
⇒ DNA sequences controlling transcription 
⇒ DNA sequences for CAP, RNA polymerase and lac-repressor
⇒ Identification of starting point
⇒ Pribnow box and other sequences common to DNA regions upstream to several operons
⇒ Regulation by DNA rearrangements
⇒ Post-transcriptional regulation
⇒ Leader sequences and attenuators
⇒ Autogenous regulation of translation
⇒ Regulation by alternative splicing
⇒ Regulation by-anti-sense RNA
⇒ Repression and activation of translation
⇒ Feedback inhibition
⇒ Signal transduction and ‘two component regulatory system’
Different genes in an organism are meant for the synthesis of different proteins. All these proteins are not needed at one time. Specific enzymes are needed at different times in the life cycle of an organism. However, at all times in the life cycle, every cell contains same set of genes. It would be necessary, therefore, to have mechanisms which would allow only the desired genes to function at a particular time. The activity of other genes will have to be restricted. A variety of mechanisms are now known, which regulate gene expression at different levels including transcription, processing of mRNA and translation. Although information on regulation was available from bacteria for quite some time, only in recent years, work in this area became .possible in eukaryotes. In view of this, three separate sections (one each to bacteria, bacteriophages and eukaryotes) are devoted to this growing area of the regulation of gene, expression. this section is devoted mainly to bacteria.

 
     






     
     
 
 
     
 
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