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Section: Genetics » Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology » Gene Transfer Methods and Transgenic Organisms
 
 
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  Transgenic animals
 
     
 
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⇒ Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 4.  Gene Transfer Methods and Transgenic Organisms
⇒ Gene transfer methods 
⇒ Gene transfer (transfection) methods in animals
⇒ Gene transfer methods in plants
⇒ Transgenic Organisms
⇒ Transgenic animals 
⇒ Transgenic plants 
Transgenic animals
One of the first reports of transgenic animals published in December, 1982 involved transfer of growth hormone (GH) gene, fused to the promoter of metallothionein (MT) 1 gene. Since then transgenic animals have been produced (using the methods described earlier) in a variety of animals including mice, rabbits, sheep, pigs, goats, cows, fish, etc. (Table 42.1). These transgenic animals will be utilized for their (i) efficiency in utilizing feed; (ii) ability to give leaner meat; (iii) ability to grow to marketable size sooner; (iv) resistance to certain diseases. They are also proposed to be used as bioreactors, so that they wil1 secrete valuable recombinant proteins and Pharmaceuticals in their milk, blood and urine, which can be used for extraction of these drugs. This is described as 'molecular farming' or 'molecular pharming'.

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Note : The list of genes; promoter/or enhancer is separated from structural gene by a slash (/). The source of the gene is given by a lower case preceding the gene : b = bovine; c = chicken; h = human; m = mouse; o = ovine; p = porcine; r = rat; rb = rabbit.

Gene abbreviations: ALV = avian leukosis virus; x1AT = xl anti-trypsin; BPV = bovine papilloma virus; Eu = immunoglobulin heavy chain; FIX = factor IX; GH = growth hormone; GRF = growth releasing factor; Gal= β galactosidase;hygro = hygromycin; BLG = B-lactoglobulin; MT -metallothionein; MLV = moloney murine leukemia virus; c-myc= murine leukemia virus; REV - reticuloendotheliosis; PRL = prolactin; SV = SV 40; TK = thymidine kinase; AFP = antifreeze; tPA = human tissue-type plasminogen activator.

 
     






     
     
 
 
     
 
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