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Section: Genetics » Chemistry of the Gene » Synthesis, Modification and Repair of DNA
 
 
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  Chemistry of the Gene 2. Synthesis, Modification and Repair of DNA
 
     
 
Content
⇒ Chemistry of the Gene 2.  Synthesis, Modification and Repair of DNA
⇒ DNA replication: general features 
⇒ Semi-conservative DNA replication in E. coli
⇒ Semi-conservative replication of chromosomes in eukaryotes
⇒ Semi-discontinuous DNA replication
⇒ Unidirectional and bidirectional DNA replication
⇒ RNA primers in DNA replication
⇒ Regulation of DNA replication by anti-sense RNA primer
⇒ Prokaryotic DNA polymerases
⇒ Eukaryotic DNA polymerases
⇒ Replicons for DNA replication
⇒ DNA replication in prokaryotes 
⇒ Experimental approaches for the study of DNA replication
⇒ Initiation of DNA replication
⇒ Elongation of DNA chain
⇒ Replication fork movement
⇒ Termination of DNA replication
⇒ DNA replication in eukaryotes 
⇒ DNA replication and cell cycle
⇒ Replication origins and initiation of DNA replication (cis and trans-acting elements)
⇒ Comparison of initiation of DNA replication with transcription initiation
⇒ Different steps involved in eukaryotic DNA replication
⇒ Synthesis of telomeric DNA by telomerase
⇒ Models of DNA replication
⇒ Replication fork model
⇒ Rolling circle model of DNA replication
⇒ Mitochondrial DNA replication and D-loops
⇒ RNA directed DNA synthesis (reverse transcription)
⇒ DNA modification and DNA restriction
⇒ DNA repair
⇒ Excision repair systems in E. coli
⇒ An SOS repair system in E. coli
⇒ DNA repair and genetic diseases in humans
All cells of a living organism possess the same quantity and quality of DNA. Since these cells res.ult from a single cell by successive cell divisions, a very precise mechanism for DNA synthesis (replication) should be available in the cell. This DNA is also variously modified to allow for the recognition of (i) old and newly synthesized strands of DNA duplex, (ii) any foreign DNA invading the cell or (iii) the active (expressed) and passive genes. There are also mechanisms for repair of DNA damage in the cell. In this section, details of the mechanism of DNA synthesis (particularly DNA directed DNA synthesis i.e. DNA replication and briefly also RNA directed DNA synthesis i.e. reverse transcription) along with a very brief account of DNA modification (methylation, etc.) and DNA repair will be presented.


 
     






     
     
 
 
     
 
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