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Section: Genetics » Chemistry of the Gene » Nucleic Acids and Their Structure
 
 
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  Structure of nucleic acids
 
     
 
Content
⇒ Chemistry of the Gene 1.  Nucleic Acids and Their Structure
⇒ Nucleic acids as genetic material
⇒ Transformation experiments
⇒ Experiments with bacteriophage (T2) infection
⇒ Experiments with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
⇒ Structure of nucleic acids 
⇒ Bases
⇒ Nucleosides
⇒ Nucleotides
⇒ Polynucleotide
⇒ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
⇒ Alternative forms of DNA double helices
⇒ Z-DNA, a left handed DNA form
⇒ RL model
⇒ Supercoils in closed DNA
⇒ Ribonucleic acid (RNA)


Nucleic acid molecule is a long chain polymer (polynucleotide) composed of monomeric units, called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nucleoside and a phosphate group and each nucleoside in its turn consists of a sugar molecule and a base. The sugar is ribose in case of RNA and deoxyribose in case of DNA. The structures of ribose and deoxyribose sugars are given in Figure 25.7, which shows that in deoxyribose an oxygen atom is missing at position 2 and hence the name deoxyribose.
  
Structure of ribose sugar and deoxyribose sugar.
Fig. 25.7. Structure of ribose sugar and deoxyribose sugar.

 
     






     
     
 
 
     
 
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